Lipoprotein profiling will identify the presence of Lp(a) and LpX and distinguish between the following dyslipidemias: A clear distinction must be made between primary (inherited) and secondary (liver disease, alcoholism, metabolic diseases) causes of dyslipoproteinemia. Proper characterization of a patient's dyslipidemic phenotype aids clinical decisions and guides appropriate therapy.Ĭlassifying the hyperlipoproteinemias into phenotypes places disorders that affect plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations into convenient groups for evaluation and treatment. Identification of the lipoprotein associated with lipid elevation is achieved using the gold-standard methods, which include ultracentrifugation, selective precipitation, electrophoresis, and direct measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides in isolated lipoprotein fractions. These elevations can be indicative of a genetic deficiency in lipid metabolism or transport, nephrotic syndrome, endocrine dysfunction, or even cholestasis. In some patients, increased serum lipids reflect elevated levels of intermediate-density lipoprotein, very-low-density lipoprotein, lipoprotein a (Lp), or even the abnormal lipoprotein complex, LpX. Lipoprotein metabolism profile analysis adds practical information about the etiology of cholesterol and/or triglyceride elevation.
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